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Sermon 47

This is life eternal: becoming the only Son

Sermon 47 (Evans numbering). On This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God and thy Son whom thou hast sent (John 17:3)

In brief

Eckhart takes Jesus' words to the Father, 'this is life eternal, to know thee the only true God,' and pushes them further than most preachers would dare. He says that knowing God this way means being, with Christ, not one of many sons but the one Son. The Word did not become a particular man with this face or that history. It took on human nature itself, bare and without division, so that in that act man became God as truly as God became man.

From there Eckhart asks what stands in the way of this. His answer is the habit of naming ourselves as this or that, of marking ourselves off from others by difference. He calls this the pride of 'not,' and says there is a power in the soul untouched by it, where only God is seen. The sermon ends with a short, sharp teaching on doing right: love it because it is right, not because it is commanded or rewarded, and you will be doing what God does, without a why.

In plain English

Sermon 47

Haec est vita aeterna ut cognoscant te solum deum verum etc. (John 17:3), This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God and thy Son whom thou hast sent. Here begins a discourse on a gospel saying, Christ's statement, This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God and thy Son whom thou hast sent.

Now no one knows the Father except his only Son, for he says himself, No man knows the Father except the Son and no man knows the Son except the Father. So, if a person is to know God, and in that consists his eternal happiness, he must be, with Christ, the only Son of the Father. If you want to be blessed you must be the only Son, not many sons, one Son. True, you are many in your physical birth, but you will be one in the eternal birth, for in God there is no more than the one natural source with its single natural outlet, the Son, not two but one. And so if you are one with Christ you are the single offspring with the eternal Word.

How does a person come to be the only Son of the eternal Father? I answer: the eternal Word did not take upon itself this man or that man, it took upon itself one undivided free nature, human nature, bare and without form, for the indivisible form of manhood is entirely without shape. And since in this union the eternal Word took human nature without form, the Father's image, his eternal Son, became the form of human nature. Here it is just as true to say that man became God as that God became man. For human nature was transformed by taking on the divine form, which is the image of the Father. It follows that to be the Son you must depart from and set aside whatever makes for division in you. Man is an accident of nature. Do away with accidents and take yourselves in the freedom of your undivided humanity. But this very nature in which you take yourselves has become the Son of the eternal Father through union with the eternal Word, and therefore you with Christ become the Son of the eternal Father by sharing the same nature that was there made God. Be careful not to take yourselves as either this or that: realize yourselves in the freedom of your undivided manhood. If you want to be one you must be rid of not, for not's pride is division. How is that? Well, suppose I say, You are not the man. This not puts a division between you and this man. To be undivided you must be free of not. There is one power in the soul that is untouched by not, that has nothing in common with any mortal thing: there is nothing in this power, only God is seen there face to face.

A man being thus the Son, his motion, his energy, whatever he enjoys, he has gotten of his own. Now the Son of the Father is the eternal Son as descended from the Father. Further, all he has he has within himself, since he is one in essence and in nature with the Father, his essence and his quiddity, he has both within himself, and in this sense he prays, Father, as I and thou are one even so I would they should be one. And just as the Son is one with the Father in his essence, so you, being one with him in essence and nature, have gotten it all within you as the Father has in himself. You have it not on loan from God, because God is your own: everything you have you have gotten of your own, and works that are not the produce of your own are dead works in the sight of God. These you are moved to by outside things and they are not living: they are dead, for anything alive is endowed with a motion of its own. If a person's works are to live they must come from within, not from foreign things nor from outside but from within him.

Remember. If you love what is right the way God loves it, you love it not as right but as something else, and so you neither take it nor love it as a whole but as divided.

But God is right, so you are not taking him nor loving him in his entirety. Take right as right and you take it as God. Then where right is at work you will be working too, since you do right all the time. Even if hell stood in the way of right you would still do right, and not as a hardship but as a pleasure, because being right itself you must do right. The more a thing shares in a common nature, the more it is one with the indivisibility of that common nature, the more undivided it is itself. To the whole truth, God help us. Amen.

Plain-English version by Gregory Lahn, from C. de B. Evans's translation of Franz Pfeiffer's edition (London, 1924), which is in the public domain.

Read the 1924 translation

THIS IS LIFE ETERNAL

Haec est vita aeterna ut cognoscant te solum deum verum etc. (Joh. 17:3). Here beginneth a discourse on a gospel saying, Christ's dictum, This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God and thy Son whom thou hast sent.'

Now no one knows the Father except his only Son, for he says himself, No man knows the Father save the Son and no man knows the Son save the Father.' Ergo, if man is to know God, and therein consists his eternal bliss, he must be, with Christ, the only Son of the Father. If ye would be blest ye must be the only Son; not many sons; one Son. True, ye are many in your carnal birth, but ye shall be one in the eternal birth, for in God there is no more than the one natural spring with its single natural outlet of the Son; not twain but one. And hence if ye are one with Christ ye are the sole issue with the eternal Word.

How does man come to be the only Son of the eternal Father? I answer. The eternal Word did not take upon itself this man or that, it took upon itself one indivisible free nature, human nature, bare and formless, for the impartible form of manhood is wholly without form; and since in this union the eternal Word took human nature formless, therefore the Father's image, his eternal Son, became the form of human nature. Here it is just as true to say that man became God as that God became man. For human nature was transformed by taking the divine form which is the image of the Father. It follows that to be the Son ye must depart from and discard whatever makes for division in you. Man is an accident of nature. Do away with accidents and take yourselves in the freedom of your impartible humanity. But this very nature wherein ye take yourselves is become the Son of the eternal Father by union with the eternal Word, and therefore ye with Christ become the Son of the eternal Father by reason of enjoying the same nature which was there made God. Beware lest ye take yourselves as either this or that: realize yourselves in the liberation of your undivided manhood. If ye would be one ye must be rid of not, for not's pride is division. How so? Well, suppose I say, Thou art not the man. This not puts a division between thee and this man. To be undivided ye must be free from not. There is one power in the soul which is immune from not, which has not aught in common with any mortal thing: there is nothing in this power; only God is seen there face to face.

A man being thus the Son, his motion, his energy, whatever he enjoys, he has gotten of his own. Now the Son of the Father is the eternal Son as being descended from the Father. Further, all he has he has within himself since he is one in essence and in nature with the Father; his essence and his quiddity, he has both in himself and in this sense he prays, Father, as I and thou are one even so I would they should be the same.' And just as the Son is one with the Father in his essence, so thou being one with him in essence and in nature, hast got it all in thee as the Father has in him. Thou hast it not on loan from God, because God is thine own: all thou hast gotten thou hast gotten of thine own and such works as are not produce of thine own are dead works in the sight of God. These thou art moved to by extraneous things and they are not living: they are dead, for anything alive is endowed with a motion of its own. If man's works are to live they must be indigenous: not foreign things nor outside but within him.

Remember. If ye love right as God ye love not right as right, therefore ye neither take it nor love it as a whole but as divided.

But God is right, so ye are not taking him nor loving him in his entirety. Take right as right and ye take it as God. Then where right is at work ye will be working too, seeing that ye do right all the time. Though hell stood in the way of right ye would still do right and that not as a hardship but a pleasure, because being right itself ye must do right. The more a thing participates in a common nature, the more it is one with the impartibility of the common nature, the more impartible it is itself. To the whole truth, God help us. Amen.

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