Sermon 62
The hand of the Lord and the child of pure grace
Sermon 62 (Evans numbering). On Luke 1:66, 'What manner of child shall this be? And the hand of the Lord was with him.'
In brief
This sermon starts from a line about John the Baptist as a baby: people wonder what kind of child he will turn out to be, since the hand of the Lord is with him. Eckhart reads 'the hand of the Lord' as the Holy Spirit, and uses it to talk about how God works in a soul that is pure and ready to receive him, the way a father's strength passes through an arm into a working hand.
From there he moves to a soul in grace being drawn up by love into likeness with God, the way heat makes a flame burn hotter. He is careful to say this does not happen all at once. Growth in love, as he describes it, keeps pace with the soul, and the work is never finished in this life, since a person could live a thousand years and still be growing.
In plain English
Sermon 62
Quis, putas, puer iste erit? Etenim manus Domini erat cum illo (Luke 1:66). "What kind of child will this be? For the hand of the Lord was with him." The hand of the Lord means the Holy Spirit, for two reasons. First, because work is done with the hand. Second, because the hand is one with the arm and with the body. All human actions begin in the heart, reach out through the limbs, and are carried out by the hand. So the soul has her seat chiefly in the heart, and in the heart is the source of her powers. In the same way the Father is the fountain and origin of all divine activity, and the Son is pictured as his arm, as the Magnificat says, "he has shown strength with his arm." Divine power moves from the body through the arm to the hand, and the hand stands for the Holy Spirit, just as the soul, moving through the body and through material things, shows her spiritual nature there. So we say that the Holy Spirit is meant by the hand that worked in this child.
Now notice the condition of the soul in which God is ready to work. He speaks of a child, which suggests pure joy, a state without blemish. The soul that God works in must be pure and clean. A master says, "Eternal wisdom stays in Zion, her resting place is in that pure city"; Zion means a height, a watchtower, a place of rest. Again, the soul must be set apart from things that pass away and die. And third, she must watch for hindrances that are coming. God comes out of kindness, because of the love he has for the soul. He has given her a godly light, a reflection of himself, so that he can work freely in her, in his own likeness. Love cannot exist without finding likeness or making it. Suppose I call a man to follow me: unless he has come to like me, he will never follow me willingly. It is the same with the soul that follows God. All of God's members must do what he asks, whether they want to or not. If they do it against their will, it troubles him, for no work done without liking is ever pleasant.
No creature can do more than what lies within her. The soul makes progress only by the light God has given her, which is her own, a wedding gift presented to her by God. God comes in love so that the soul may rise, so that in love she may work above herself. For love cannot exist without finding her like or making her like, except so far as God himself works in love beyond the soul. The soul does not do the work of grace, since that is not her own nature, until she has reached that place where God is at work in himself, where the work is as noble as the worker, namely his own nature. Take light as an example. In wood it produces something like itself: heat and fire, and the harder the wind blows, the fiercer the flame grows. Now put love in place of the fire, and the Holy Spirit in place of the wind. The more strongly the Holy Spirit breathes, the more consuming the fire becomes, though not all at once. It grows at the same pace as the soul. If the whole person were consumed all at once, that would not be good, for one could live a thousand years and still keep growing in love. Light works on flowers, making them grow and bear fruit. In living creatures it works for life. In man it works for happiness. This happens through the grace of God, which lifts the soul to a higher power, for if the soul is to be like God she must go beyond herself. Amen.
Plain-English version by Gregory Lahn, from C. de B. Evans's translation of Franz Pfeiffer's edition (London, 1924), which is in the public domain.
Read the 1924 translation
WHAT MANNER OF CHILD SHALL THIS BE?
Quis puer iste erit? Etenim manus domini erat cum illo (Luc. I, 66). 'What manner of child shall this be? The hand of the Lord is with him.' The hand of the Lord means the Holy Ghost, for two reasons. First, because work is wrought with the hand; and next, because it is one with the arm and with the body. All human actions start in the heart, extend to the limbs, and are done by the hand; so the seat of the soul being chiefly in the heart, in the heart is the mainspring of her energies. Likewise it is the Father who is the fount and origin of all divine activity, and the Son is represented by his arm; as it says in the Magnificat, 'he hath shewed strength with his arm.' Divine power proceeds from the body via the arm to the hand, whereby is signified the Holy Ghost, even as the soul which courses through the body and in material things proclaims her ghostly properties. Wherefore we argue that the Holy Ghost is meant by the hand which wrought in this child.
Now mark the state of the soul wherein God is apt to work. He speaks of a child, suggesting pure joy, an unblemished state. The soul God works in must be pure and clean. A master says, 'The eternal wisdom tarries in Zion, her rest is in that pure city'; Zion meaning a height and a watch-tower (or resting-place). Again, she must be withdrawn from mortal, impermanent things. And thirdly, she must be on the watch for coming hindrances. God comes out of kindness because of the love he bears to the soul. He has endowed her with a godly light, the reflection of himself, so that he may be able freely to energise in her in his own likeness. Love cannot be without finding or making alike. Suppose I have bidden a man, unless he have gotten some liking for me, he will never willingly follow me. And so with the soul which follows God; God's members must all do his bidding whether they want to or no. If they do it reluctantly, then it is painful to him; no work is ever pleasant that is done without liking.
No creature can do more than in her lies. The soul makes headway solely by the light that God has given her, that being her own, presented her by God as a bridal gift. God comes in love with intent that the soul may arise, that in love she may energise above herself. For love cannot be without finding her like or making alike, except in as far as God works in love passing soul. Soul does not ply the work of grace (since that is not her nature) till she is gotten yonder, where God is plying himself, where the work is as noble as the worker, his own nature, to wit. As with light, for example. In wood it produces its like: heat and fire, and the harder the wind blows the fiercer the flame. Now put love for the fire and the Holy Ghost for the wind: the stronger breathes the Holy Ghost the more all-consuming its fire, albeit not sudden; it keeps pace with the growth of the soul. If the whole man were consumed at once it would not be well, for one might live a thousand years and still go on waxing in love. Light acts upon flowers, making them grow and bear fruit; in living creatures it makes for life; in man it makes for happiness. This comes by the grace of God which raises the soul to a higher power; for if the soul is to be like God she must transcend herself. Amen.
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