Meister Eckhart

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Sermon 60

Likes love and unite: the soul's spark and the ground beyond God

Sermon 60 (Evans numbering)

In brief

Eckhart starts from an old idea: things that are alike are drawn together, things that are unlike keep apart. He takes earth and heaven as his example. Earth, he says, fled to the lowest place because it knew itself unlike heaven, and it is for that very reason the most fruitful spot there is, since heaven pours itself into it without holding back. He turns this into a picture of the human soul. Whoever brings himself down to nothing, he says, becomes the lowest place, and God is bound by his own nature to empty his whole self into that soul.

From there he moves to a strange little experiment with his own eye and a piece of wood, to show how two very different things can become, in the single act of seeing, essentially one. He uses this to talk about something inside the soul that he calls an uncreated light, or a spark, which is not satisfied even with God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. It wants to break past all of that into what he calls the silent desert, the bare ground where no name or Person has yet appeared.

In plain English

Sermon 60

LIKES LOVE AND UNITE Meister Eckhart says, like things love and unite with one another; unlike things hate and shun each other. According to one master, no two things are so unlike as earth and heaven. Earth knew itself by nature foreign and unlike to heaven. So it fled from heaven to the lowest place and still stays there, lest it should come anywhere near heaven. And the heavenly nature became aware that earth had fled and had taken possession of the lowest place. And that is how the heavens came to pour themselves out into the earth in a fruitful way, indeed the masters say that the whole expanse of heaven does not hold back so much as a needle's point, it brings itself forth entirely as fruitfulness on earth. So earth is the most fruitful of all mortal creatures.

I say the same about the person who has brought himself to nothing in himself, in God, and in all creatures. That person takes the lowest place, and God is bound to pour himself out completely into that soul, or else he would not be God. I promise you, by God's eternal truth, that into anyone who is brought low, God pours out his whole self with all his might, so completely that he holds back nothing of his life, his being, his nature, no, not even of his perfect Godhead, he pours out the whole of it as fruit into that person who, in giving himself up to God, takes the lowest place.

Today, as I went on my way thinking over what I would say and wondering how to make you understand, I came upon a comparison. If you can follow it, my meaning will be plain, and so will the drift of all my teaching. The comparison is between my eye and a piece of wood. My eye, when it is open, is an eye. It is the same eye when shut, and the wood is no more and no less for being seen. Now pay close attention. Suppose my eye, being one and single in itself, falls upon the wood in the act of seeing. Then, though each thing remains what it is, in the actual seeing they are so joined that we can say: my eye is the wood and the wood is my eye. Now if the wood were free of matter and wholly immaterial, as my sight is, then we could truly say that in my actual seeing, wood and eye are one in essence. If this is true of bodily things, how much more is it true of spiritual things. Remember, my eye is more one with the eye of some sheep across the ocean that I have never seen than it is with my own ear, even though with my ear it is joined by one body. The sheep's eye works as mine does, and so I credit it with more oneness of action than I can give to eye and ear, which serve different functions.

I have often spoken of the light within the soul, which is uncreated and not capable of being created. It is this light that I am so often pointing to in my preaching, it is the light which takes hold of God directly, bare and unveiled, as he is in himself, that is to say, it catches him in the very act of begetting himself. For this reason I can truly say that this light is more one with God than with any of my own powers, even though it is joined to them within one being. For understand, this light within my soul is no higher in its essence than the lowest, the coarsest of my powers, my sight or my hearing, say, or any other sense that is at the mercy of heat and cold, hunger or thirst, for in essence there are no parts to divide.

Now I say, if you turn away from your own self and from created things, then to the degree that you do this, you come to oneness and blessedness in the spark of the soul, a thing which is beyond time and space. This spark stands opposed to all creatures. It wants nothing but God, God as he is in himself. It is not satisfied with the Father or the Son or the Holy Spirit, nor even with all three Persons, so far as each keeps its own distinct property. I believe this light would not be satisfied even with the single begotten fruit of the Godhead. More than that, and stranger still, I promise you this light is not content with the changeless, undivided essence of God, which neither gives nor takes, but wants to find where it comes from, it wants to enter into its own simple ground, into the silent desert into which no distinction has ever come, not Father, not Son, not Holy Spirit. At the centre, where no one dwells, there this light is swallowed up in a still greater light, where it becomes more one than it is in itself, for this ground is the undivided stillness, unmoved in itself, and by this stillness all things are moved, and all those have their life who, gathered into themselves, live the life of the mind. May we too live this life of the mind. So help us God. Amen.

Plain-English version by Gregory Lahn, from C. de B. Evans's translation of Franz Pfeiffer's edition (London, 1924), which is in the public domain.

Read the 1924 translation

LIKES LOVE AND UNITE

Meister Eckhart says, Likes love and unite with one another; unlikes hate and shun each other. According to one master, no two things are so unlike as earth and heaven. Earth knew itself by nature alien and unlike to heaven. Wherefore it fled from heaven to the lowest place and there bides still lest haply it draw nigh at all to heaven. And the celestial nature grew aware that earth had fled and had possessed itself of the lowest place. And that is how the heavens came to empty themselves out into the earth in fruitful wise, indeed the masters say the broad expanse of heaven does not withhold a needle-point in size, it brings itself forth every whit as fruitfulness on earth. So earth is the most fruitful of all mortal creatures.

Likewise I say about the man who has brought himself to naught in himself, in God and in all creatures. That man assumes the lowest place and God is bound to empty himself whole into his soul, else would he not be God. I warrant you by God's eternal truth, that into any man who is brought low God pours out his whole self in all his might, so utterly that neither of his life, his being, nor his nature, nay, nor of his perfect Godhead, does he keep aught back, he empties out the whole thereof as fruits into that wight who in abandonment to God assumes the lowest place.

To-day as I pursued my way pondering my discourse and wondering how to make you understand, I hit on an analogy. If ye can follow this my meaning will be plain and eke the drift of all my teaching. The analogy is with my eye and wood. My eye when it is open is an eye. It is the same eye, shut; and the wood is neither more or less by reason of its seeing. Now mark me well. Suppose my eye, being one and single in itself, falls on the wood in seeing, then though each thing stops as it is, yet in the actual seeing they are so far the same that we can argue: my eye is the wood and the wood my eye. Now if the wood were free from matter and wholly immaterial, as my eyesight is, then we could truly say that in my actual vision wood and eye are essentially the same. If this is so with corporal things, then how much more with ghostly. Remember, my eye is far more one with some transoceanic sheep's that I have never seen than with my ear, albeit with this it has organic union. The sheep's eye works like mine, and therefore I impute to it more unity of action than I can do to eye and ear which have their different functions.

I have often spoken of the light within the soul, which is uncreated and eke uncreaturely. It is this light I am so often hinting at in my discourses, it is the light which lays straight hold of God, bare and unveiled, as he is in himself; that is to say, it catches him in the act of self-begetting. Hence I can truly say this light is rather one with God than with any of my powers wherewith it has organic union. For know, this light within my soul is no better in its essence than the humblest, the grossest of my powers; my sight or my hearing, for example, or any other sense which is the sport of heat and cold, hunger or thirst, seeing that essence is impartible.

Now I maintain, if thou dost turn from thine own self and from created things, then in what measure thou dost this thou dost attain to unity and happiness in thy soul-spark; a thing which is immune from time and space. This spark is opposed to creatures. It has no want but just God, God as he is in himself. Not enough for it the Father or the Son or Holy Ghost, nor even all three Persons, so far as they preserve their several properties. I trow this light would not be satisfied with the alone-begotten fruit of Deity. Nay, more, and even stranger to relate, I warrant you this light is not content with the changeless impartible essence of God, which neither gives nor takes, but wants to find its source; it wants to get into its simple ground, into the silent desert whereinto no distinct thing ever pried, not Father, Son nor Holy Ghost. At the centre, where no one abides, there this light is quenched in still stronger light, wherein it is more one than in itself, for this ground is the impartible stillness, motionless in itself, and by this immobility all things are moved and all those have their life who, recollected in themselves, do live the life of mind. May we too live this intellectual life, So help us God. Amen.

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