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Sermon 92

God-children, the christened, and the godfathers in Sermon 92

Sermon 92 (Evans numbering). On Posui vos ut eatis et fructum afferatis (John 15:16)

In brief

Eckhart takes a line from John's gospel, where Christ tells his disciples he has set them to go and bear fruit, and asks what it means to go rightly. His answer is that we have to sit first. Sitting means resting in the light of contemplation long enough to see the way, before we ever set out to act. Only then can our works actually light up anyone else's darkness.

From there he borrows a scheme from Dionysius the Areopagite, read through the Dominican theologian Albert the Great, that sorts people drawing near to God into three groups: god-children, the christened, and godfathers. Each group goes further into God than the last. It is less a ladder you climb by effort and more a description of how deep a person's life has actually sunk into God, from reading scripture and doing good, through a kind of death in God, to being, as he puts it, drowned in the unfathomableness of God.

In plain English

Sermon 92

Posui vos ut eatis et fructum afferatis (John 15:16): 'I have appointed you to go and bring forth fruit.' Christ said this to his disciples. God spoke it to them and to all of us who are in darkness. Being in the dark, we need a light to walk by. But Christ says: 'I am the light of the world.' If we remain in the true love of our head, we will be lit by Christ. A candle keeps burning at the tip because it is in contact with the flame, which consumes the wax that feeds it and turns it into itself.

Notice this. When Christ said to his disciples, 'I have appointed you to go,' he meant our being taken up into the light of grace. The prophet says, 'I was sitting when he took me up into himself.' Sitting, we stop groping, and in the light we can see our way, namely the way of virtue. That is what Christ means by 'I have appointed you to go.' Sitting is not going. We cannot walk the right way unless we first sit in the light of contemplation and work out which way to take. All our works must be a light to lighten our neighbor's darkness.

Now Dionysius says: 'These who have thus gone out of themselves and live in the light of truth, these, I say, are the christened; they are god-children and godfathers.' Bishop Albert explains this as follows. God-children are those who, reading the holy scriptures or hearing them read, take them to heart and show them forth in good works, through which they finally find the truth in God. The christened, again, are dead in God; there is nothing alive in them anymore but God. As Saint Paul says, 'We are dead, and our life is hidden with Christ in God.' But the most perfect of all are the godfathers, who are drowned in the unfathomable depth of God. God does more than live in them, they are alive in God, and the beginning of eternal life is already in them.

Consider now those who are god-children. Understanding the scriptures in the light of faith, they come into the dew of grace, and in this gracious dew they breathe in the fragrance of the path of eternal life. As the Bride says in the Book of Love, 'Take me along with you, out into your desert, in to your stronghold.' Out in the desert means detached from creatures; the inner stronghold is the sure knowledge of truth that neither life nor death can change. Such are these god-children, children of power and wisdom and goodness. To them our Lord cries in the Book of Love, 'How beautiful are your feet in sandals, O prince's daughter!' The sandals are the holy life put on the feet of love and knowledge, in the desire to walk in that life. But the christened are in mystical union with God and are actually living the life of God. What can I say of them? In their eating and drinking, their sleeping, and their whole way of life, there is nothing to be found but God, if we only knew it. Burn them, and they give off nothing but the taste of divinity, the sweetness of the Holy Spirit, which has filled them through and through. But no one knows this except the children of true light, and him in whom they dwell, namely God. The children of darkness do not know it, their hearts being full of the poison of everlasting death. So the light is turned to darkness in them, and the eternal sweetness to bitterness. May God light us with the light we once basked in, in his Son, eternally, so that we may pass from darkness into the true light!

But the third class, called godfathers, climbing hill and mountain, have followed the track of the true sons with will and knowledge, and the burning heat of the Holy Spirit has burnt up all their matter, so that they now show only the one light in God. In this light they have come to rest, at peace after their labors, the peace of absolute consciousness, a peace that is never disturbed. Thought fails when speaking of these fathers, for they have received every good and perfect gift from the Father of lights and have reached the goal of virtue. This goal John the soaring eagle saw, wondering, in the Apocalypse. And Christ answered him, saying, 'I am the first without beginning and the last that has no end.' Amen.

Plain-English version by Gregory Lahn, from C. de B. Evans's translation of Franz Pfeiffer's edition (London, 1924), which is in the public domain.

Read the 1924 translation

GOD-PARENTS AND GOD-CHILDREN

Posui vos ut eatis et fructum afferatis. (Joh. xv.) Christ said to his disciples, 'I have set you to go and bring forth fruit.' God spake to them and to us all who are in darkness. Being in the dark we need a light to walk by. But Christ says: 'I am the light of the world.' If we keep in the true love of our head we shall be lighted by Christ. For a taper goes on burning at the tip in virtue of its contact with the flame which consumes the matter it supplies and changes it into itself.

Observe. When Christ said to his disciples, 'I have set you to go,' he referred to our being taken up into the light of grace. The prophet says, 'I was sitting when he took me up into himself.' Sitting, we stop groping and, in the light, can see our way. To wit, the way of virtue. That is the meaning of Christ's words, 'I have set you to go.' Sitting is not going. We cannot go the right way without first sitting in the light of contemplation and making out the way to take; all our works must be a light to lighten our neighbour's darkness.

Now Dionysius says: 'These, who have thus gone out of themselves and are living in the light of truth, these (I say) are the christened, they are god-children and godfathers.' Bishop Albertus expounds this as follows: God-children are they who, reading or hearing the holy scriptures read, take them to heart and show them forth in good works whereby they ultimately find the truth in God. The christened again are dead in God, there is no longer anything alive in them but God. As St Paul says, 'We are dead and our life is hid with Christ in God.' But the most perfect of all are the godfathers, who are drowned in the unfathomableness of God; not only does God live in them but they are alive in God and there is now in them the beginning of eternal life.

Consider now those who are god-children. Comprehending the scriptures in the light of faith they come into the dew of grace and in this gracious dew inhale the fragrance of the path of life eternal. As saith the Bride in the Book of Love, 'Take me along with thee, out in thy desert, within in thy fastness.' Out in the desert means detached from creatures; the inner fastness is the subjective certainty of truth which neither life nor death can alter. Such are these god-children, sons of power and wisdom and goodness. To them our Lord cries in the Book of Love, 'How beautiful are thy feet with shoes, O prince's daughter!' The shoes being the holy life put on the feet of love and knowledge in the desire to walk

therein. But the christened are in mystical union with God and are actually leading the life of God. What shall I say of these? In their eating and drinking, their sleeping and their entire wont there is nothing found but God, did we but know it. Burn them, they yield but the taste of divinity, the sweetness of the Holy Ghost, wherein they are gotten full of sap. But this none knoweth save the children of true light and him they dwell in, namely God. The children of darkness know it not, whose hearts are filled with the poison of everlasting death. Wherefore the light is turned to darkness in them and the eternal sweet to bitterness. God light us with the light we used to bask in in his Son eternally, so shall we escape from darkness into the true light!

But the third class, yclept godfathers, these climbing hill and mountain have followed the track of the true sons with will and knowledge, and the flaming heat of the Holy Ghost having burnt up all their matter, they show now only the one light in God. In this light they have come to rest, at peace after their labours, the peace of absolute consciousness, a peace which is never disturbed. Thought fails in speaking of these fathers, for they have received all good and perfect gifts from the Father of lights and have reached the goal of virtue. This goal saw John, the soaring eagle, wondering in the Apocalypse. And Christ answered him, saying, 'I am the first without beginning and the last that has no end.' Amen.

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